ABS
Returns the absolute value of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
Math & Trigonometry
Math & Trigonometry functions are used for everyday calculations in Excel, from simple arithmetic to rounding, powers, and trigonometric operations.
This category is essential for building reliable spreadsheets, dashboards, and reports that depend on numeric calculations.
Math functions are often combined with logical and lookup formulas to create robust and reusable calculations.
Tips
- Use rounding functions intentionally to avoid hidden precision issues.
- Combine math functions with IF or IFERROR for safer results.
Excel functions in this category (80)
ACOS
Returns the arccosine of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ACOSH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ACOT
Returns the arccotangent of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ACOTH
Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
AGGREGATE
Returns an aggregate in a list or database.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ARABIC
Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ASIN
Returns the arcsine of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ASINH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ATAN
Returns the arctangent of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ATAN2
Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ATANH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
BASE
Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base).
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
CEILING.MATH
Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
CEILING.PRECISE
Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
COMBIN
Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
COMBINA
Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
COS
Returns the cosine of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
COSH
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
COT
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
COTH
Returns the cotangent of an angle.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
CSC
Returns the cosecant of an angle.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
CSCH
Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
DECIMAL
Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
DEGREES
Converts radians to degrees.
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EVEN
Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
EXP
Returns e raised to the power of a given number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
FACT
Returns the factorial of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
FACTDOUBLE
Returns the double factorial of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
FLOOR.MATH
Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
FLOOR.PRECISE
Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
GCD
Returns the greatest common divisor.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
INT
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ISO.CEILING
Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
LCM
Returns the least common multiple.
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LN
Returns the natural logarithm of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
LOG
Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base.
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LOG10
Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
MDETERM
Returns the matrix determinant of an array.
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MINVERSE
Returns the matrix inverse of an array.
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MMULT
Returns the matrix product of two arrays.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
MOD
Returns the remainder from division.
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MROUND
Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
MULTINOMIAL
Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers.
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MUNIT
Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ODD
Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
PERCENTOF
Sums the values in the subset and divides it by all the values.
Math & TrigonometryMath BasicsModern Excel Functions
PI
Returns the value of pi.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
POWER
Returns the result of a number raised to a power.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
PRODUCT
Multiplies its arguments.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
QUOTIENT
Returns the integer portion of a division.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
RADIANS
Converts degrees to radians.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
RAND
Returns a random number between 0 and 1.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
RANDARRAY
Returns an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. However, you can specify the number of rows and columns to fill, minimum and maximum values, and whether to return whole numbers or decimal values.
Math & TrigonometryMath BasicsModern Excel Functions
RANDBETWEEN
Returns a random number between the numbers you specify.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ROMAN
Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
ROUND
Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
Math & TrigonometryBeginner EssentialsMath BasicsMost Used
ROUNDDOWN
Rounds a number down, toward zero.
Math & TrigonometryMath BasicsMost Used
ROUNDUP
Rounds a number up, away from zero.
Math & TrigonometryMath BasicsMost Used
SEC
Returns the secant of an angle.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SECH
Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SEQUENCE
Generates a list of sequential numbers in an array, such as 1, 2, 3, 4.
Math & TrigonometryDynamic Arrays & LAMBDAMath BasicsModern Excel Functions
SERIESSUM
Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SIGN
Returns the sign of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SIN
Returns the sine of the given angle.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SINH
Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SQRT
Returns a positive square root.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SQRTPI
Returns the square root of (number * pi).
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SUBTOTAL
Returns a subtotal in a list or database.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SUM
Adds its arguments.
Math & TrigonometryBeginner EssentialsMath BasicsMost Used
SUMIF
Adds the cells specified by a given criteria.
Math & TrigonometryBeginner EssentialsMath BasicsMost Used
SUMIFS
Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria.
Math & TrigonometryMath BasicsMost Used
SUMPRODUCT
Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SUMSQ
Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SUMX2MY2
Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SUMX2PY2
Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
SUMXMY2
Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
TAN
Returns the tangent of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
TANH
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics
TRUNC
Truncates a number to an integer.
Math & TrigonometryMath Basics